The History of Troy, New York: From Industrial Powerhouse to Cultural Landmark
Troy, New York, situated on the eastern bank of the Hudson River, is a city steeped in rich history, innovation, and resilience. Known as the “Collar City” due to its prominence in shirt collar manufacturing, Troy played a central role in America’s 19th-century industrial boom. Its legacy continues today, woven into its architecture, educational institutions, and community identity.
Early Settlement and Founding of Troy, NY
The area that is now Troy was originally inhabited by the Mohican people before Dutch settlers arrived in the early 17th century. By the 1780s, the village of Troy had begun to take shape, and it was officially incorporated as a city in 1816. Its location along the Hudson River and close proximity to the Erie and Champlain canals positioned Troy as a strategic center for trade and transportation during the early days of American expansion.
The Industrial Rise of Troy
Troy’s industrial history is one of its most defining features. In the 19th century, the city became a major manufacturing hub, particularly known for iron works and textile production. The Burden Iron Works, once one of the most technologically advanced iron foundries in the world, helped solidify Troy’s place in industrial history.
Troy also became famous for its detachable shirt collars, thanks to innovations by local entrepreneurs. This booming textile and garment industry earned the city its nickname, the “Collar City.” During this period, Troy’s population surged, and its wealth funded the construction of elegant buildings, churches, and schools—many of which still stand today.
Troy and Higher Education
Education has long been part of Troy’s historical identity. Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (RPI), founded in 1824, is the oldest technological university in the English-speaking world. RPI helped establish Troy as a center of science and engineering, drawing students and scholars from across the globe. Its presence remains a cornerstone of the city’s economy and cultural life.
Decline and Urban Renewal
Like many Northeastern industrial cities, Troy faced economic challenges in the mid-20th century. As manufacturing jobs declined and suburbanization accelerated, the city’s population decreased, and many downtown areas experienced disinvestment. However, Troy began a revitalization movement in the late 20th century, fueled by historic preservation efforts and community-led redevelopment.
Modern-Day Troy: Embracing Its Past While Building the Future
Today, the history of Troy is visible in its stunning architecture, from Victorian row houses to former factories now converted into lofts and offices. The city has become a destination for artists, entrepreneurs, and students drawn to its blend of old-world charm and modern energy.
Events like the Troy Waterfront Farmers Market, Victorian Stroll, and ongoing cultural programming celebrate the city’s heritage while embracing its evolving identity. As downtown continues to grow and investments in infrastructure and business development increase, Troy remains a vital part of the Capital Region’s story.
The history of Troy, NY, is a testament to American innovation, adaptation, and community spirit. From its early days as a riverside settlement to its rise as an industrial and educational powerhouse, Troy’s past continues to shape its present and future. Whether you’re exploring its historic streets or engaging with its thriving arts and tech scene, Troy offers a compelling narrative of progress rooted in tradition.